Important: It was noted by a reader last week that in El Capitan you need to bless a NetBoot server in order to use it. If you cannot start your Mac from your server perform the following task:. Restart your client Mac from the Recovery Partition (Command-R). Open the Utilities menu and select Terminal. At the command line type: csrutil netboot your server’s IP address. Restart your computer and start up from your server image Over the last several weeks you’ve created and started MacsNetInstall, NetBoot, and NetRestore images using the basic settings available in the System Image Utility’s image assistant. Next we’re going to create a custom NetBoot image, which we’ll use to create images containing pre-configured settings.
Last time we did this we created NetBoot images using an image created using AutoDMG, this time we’ll use the Customize button in the System Image Utility. You should note that some of the options you’ll see using the Customize button are also available when using the Assistant, but you have more options when creating a customized image. You may recall that, when using a NetBoot image, you weren’t able to save any changes you made, so even though you added a new user account, as soon as you started your Mac up using that image, you had to add the user account again.
Now we’re going to add two user accounts to the NetBoot image. Note: You’ll need a fresh copy of the El Capitan installer to perform these steps. Refer back to if you don’t already have a copy of the installer. Use Automator to created a NetBoot image. Open the System Image Utility using Spotlight. Choose Install OS X El Capitan as the source. Click Next.
May 30, 2012 - The RouterBOARD SXT G-‐5HnD comes as a complete set, and. Wish to boot the device from network, for example to use MikroTik Netinstall,. How to Fix Mikrotik Frequently with Netinstall I try to install files manually ntp.npk in Mikrotik Metal52ac with the appropriate package. The result.npk file is successfully installed successfully.
Select NetBoot Image as the image type. Click Customize. Clicking the Customize button opens the Automator app. The Automator app lets you create customized, editable, and reusable scripts by dragging predefined Actions from the Action Library into the Automator Workflow. We’ll now use an Automator Workflow to create a NetBoot image. You should note that, even though you selected NetBoot Image in the previous step, only the Image Source action has been added to the Automator script with the El Capitan installer selected. If the installer isn’t selected as the source use the Source menu to select it now.
You should also note that, because the entire Automator library is selected when the app opens, it’s not obvious which steps will let you create a NetBoot image. Select System in the Action Library.
Selecting System filters the Action Library so you only see actions related to creating NetInstall images. Now it’s time to add user accounts. Add user accounts. Locate and drag Add User Account to the Workflow. Type Administrator in the Name field and press the tab key. Leave “administrator” in the Short Name field and press the tab key. Enter a password in the Password field.
Leave the Hint field blank. Make no changes to the Language menu. Leave the check in the box that says “Allow user to administer computer.”.
Make sure there’s no check in the box that says “Log user in automatically.”. Locate and drag a second Add User Account to the Workflow. Type Standard User in the Name field and press the tab key. Leave standarduser in the Short Name field. Enter a password in the Password field. Leave the Hint field blank.
Make no changes to the Language menu. Uncheck the box that says “Allow user to administer computer.”. Put a check in the box that says “Log user in automatically.” When you’re done you should see something like this: Now let’s give our computer a unique name on the network.
Set system settings. Locate and drag Apply System Configuration Settings to your Workflow just beneath your standard user account.
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Put a check in the box next to 'Generate unique Computer Names starting with.' . Type NetBoot with Accounts in the name field Note: Using this settings action you can automatically bind your Mac to a directory server, which is something we’ll do next week that will allow us to use Network Home Folders.
Define the NetBoot image Finally, let’s create our NetBoot image. Locate and drag the Create Image action to the Workflow, just below the Define Image Source action and agree to the license agreement. Select NetBoot as the Type.
Select Desktop for the Save To destination. Type NetBoot with accounts as the Image Name. Type NetBoot with accounts as the Network Disk. Make no changes to the Image Index. Add a description if you want. You may have notice that what we added here is exactly the same as what you selected when creating NetInstall images earlier using the Assistant, only this time there was no information automatically added to the Workflow.
We did all of it manually and we were able to perform tasks that weren’t available to use in the Assistant. Now it’s time to create the image the NetInstall service will use. Create the NetBoot image. Save your Workflow to your Desktop. (We’re going to use this again next week.).
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Click your Automator Workflow’s Run button. Authenticate as an administrator. Go grab a cup of coffee while the image is created. Startup from your new NetBoot image When the image creation is complete:. Move the NetBoot with Accounts.nbi folder from your Desktop to your server’s /Library/NetBoot/NetBootSP0 folder. Open the Server app and enable your new NetBoot image. Startup your client Mac using the new image.
When your Mac starts up from the image it should automatically log in to the Standard User account. Open TextEdit.
Create a new document. Save it to your Desktop. Log in as the Administrator. Open System Preferences. Click the Sharing preference. Verify that the Computer Name says NetBoot with Accounts and includes a unique identifier. Logout the Administrator.
Log in as the Standard User and verify that the TextEdit document you created is still on the Desktop. Restart your computer again using your new NetBoot image. Look and see if your TextEdit document appears on your Desktop. While you are still automatically logged in as the Standard User your TextEdit document no longer appears on your Desktop.
This is a great option if you have computer you want to startup with a clean Home folder every day, making it similar to logging in using the Guest user account, this isn’t very practical for your every day users. Next, we’ll change this workflow so that it creates an image for users with Network Home Folders.
Your Mikrotik doesn’t boot. Netinstall to the resuce! Background I was preparing a new router for church.
There was a recent product update which improved the CPU and RAM by 4x compared to previous revision. But the device still only has 16MB of flash memory (a micro SD card can be installed for more storage), with under 6MB free out-of-the-box. In an effort to remove packages it won’t ever need (eg: wireless and hotspot) and free up space, I aggressively removed pretty much all packages and tried to install everything from scratch.
Apparently, removing the base routeros-mmips package isn’t a wise move. My brand new router no longer booted. And it was three days before Christmas.
So no hope of sending it back to to get a replacement (and I’m not sure if my pride would cope with that kind of RMA anyway). Steps I tried various ways of resetting the device. None worked except.
Gotchas There were two things which caused me problems: My router was power cycling every 30 seconds, so Windows didn’t see the ethernet port up for long enough for me to set an IP address. I needed to plug my ethernet into another switch to set the IP first. (This affects step 2). I had Hyper-V installed (for phone development) and needed to remove it first.
The router never deteted the netinstall program and never connected to the bootp server while Hyper-V was running. Seems netinstall and the Hyper-V virtual switch don’t play nice together. (This affects step 5). Download Netinstall and Firmware You may be offline while you do the netinstall procedure, so for your router before hand. I used the MMIPS Main Package for my rev 3 hEX device (RB750Gr3).
If you are unsure of your router’s specific model, try the netinstall process and it should identify your device. If, by chance, you can still connect to your router, you can find the exact model in System - Routerboard - Model. Set Static IP on your Computer You need to set a static IP address on your computer for a netinstall. I used 10.0.0.50/24, but any IP separate from your main network is OK. In Windows 10, the adapter settings are in Control Panel - Network and Internet - Network and Sharing Centre Then Properties - Internet Protocol Version 4 - Properties - Use the following IP address. Configure Netinstall Start the Netinstall program. You will need to run as an elevated user.
You will need to allow netinstall through your firewall to all IP addresses (public scope for the Windows Firewall). Click Net booting and enter a different IP address, which will be assigned to the router during the boot process. I used 10.0.0.51.
Connect The Router Connect your router port 1 directly to your computer’s ethernet port. I could only make netinstall work with port 1; other ports just didn’t work. Reboot The Router with Reset Button Held Down Power off your router. Click the tiny reset button down (labelled RES on my hEX router) and hold it down. You’ll need a sharp pencil, pen or paper clip for this. Power your router on. Wait for up to 30 seconds.
With the reset button still held down. If everything is configured correctly, you should see the device listed in netinstall. Once it is in netinstall, you can release the reset button.
The Label column shows the model of the device (if you didn’t know which it was when downloading a package). Select the device. Select Package to Install Browse to the folder you downloaded the RouterOS package(s).
You should see compatible packages listed below. If nothing is listed, you have downloaded the incorrect packages.
Select the package(s) you want to install (at minimum, you’ll need the system package; the base package will have everything to get your device working again). Keep your Configuration? If you tick the Keep old configuration checkbox, any configuration you have done (eg: IP addresses, passwords, firewall rules, etc) will be retained. Untick the box, and you get an out-of-the-box configuration (router on 192.168.88.1 with no password).
Depending on what is keeping your router from booting, the former may not work (although it did in my case), the later should work no matter what. Hit the Go Button Click Install to begin the reset, reconfigure and reinstall. You’ll get a progress bar, which sits on partitioning and formating harddrive for a minute or so with no other indication of progress. Then it will transfer each of your packages. If all goes well, it will say Installation finished successfully.
And your router will automatically reboot. Set Your Ethernet Back to DHCP Remember to remove the static IP configuration on your ethernet port and re-enable DHCP. (Many years ago, I forgot this step and had the very unusual scenario of working IPv6 but non-working IPv4. Google was reachable, but pretty much all the rest of the Internet was dark. Made for interesting troubleshooting!) Conclusion If you manage to get your Mikrotik device into a non-bootable state, you can try a netinstall to fix it. Netinstall should be usable and able to recover most software related problems.
(Faulty hardware should be returned or replaced).